Uses of Present Tense:-

• To denote universal truth-

1. Water boils at 100°C.

2. The Earth moves around the Sun.

3. The stars shine at night.

4. The Sun rises in the East.

• To express permanent work or behavior-

1. We hear with our ears.

2. The rose smells sweet.

• To express the emotion of habit-

1. He often comes late.

2. Hari never goes to the office late.

• For headlines of the newspaper-

1. Two Murderers escape.

• To describe an eye-witnessed incident-

1. When the door opens, many people enter the hall.

• For travel related planned future-

1. We leave for Jaipur at 8:00 and reach there at 9:00. We stay there for two days and then leave for Kota.

• To denote the historic present-

1. India defeats Pakistan in cricket.

2. Now Akbar calls Birbal and asks…

• To denote Future time with when-

1. I shall do it when he comes.

2. When I finish the letter, I shall give it to you.

• For fixed Future plan according to the timetable-

1. The train leaves at 4:30 p.m.

2. Classes begin next Monday.

• With conditional Sentences-

pattern- If+Present Indefinite+Future Indefinite.

1. If he comes to me, I shall help him.

2. If I see Kamal, I will tell him.

• With verbs normally not used in ‘ing’ form-

1. I love you.

• With the following adverbs present in a sentence-

1. always, often, sometimes, usually, generally, frequently, seldom, rarely, never, regularly, daily, occasionally.

2. every day/night/month/year etc.

3. each day/night/month/year etc.

4. on Sundays/Mondays…..

5. in the mornings/evenings etc.

6. once/twice….a day/week/month etc.

Uses of Present continuous-

• For works that are being continued in the Present-

1. I am writing letters.

2. The child is weeping.

• For works that are being continued in the Present but it is not necessary for them to being continued while someone is speaking about them-

1. I am learning English.

2. I am reading ‘Five Points Someone’ by Chetan Bhagat.

• For preplanned actions or works-

1. Hari is coming here next week.

• With the following words present in a sentence-

1. still, in the present time, at this time, at this moment, nowadays, these days, this evening, now, today, at present, etc.

Uses of Present Perfect Tense-

• For works, that started in past and running or being continued in the present-

1. He has been here for two weeks.

2. Mr. Sharma has lived in Jaipur since 2005.

• For works that have completed in past but affect the present-

1. He has cut his finger.

2. The Chetak Express has arrived.

• For works that ended while we spoke-

1. I haven’t seen you for ages.

2. She hasn’t taken food for two days.

• For such past works whose time is not fixed.

1. I have read the book.

2. Have you taken food?

• With incomplete or imperfect time like this morning/afternoon/evening/week/month/year, etc-

1. I have drunk four cups of tea today.

2. I haven’t seen Ram this morning.

• With the following words present in a sentence-

1. This week/month/year etc

2. just, till now, already, recently, lately, not yet, so far, by now, always, never

Uses of Present Perfect Continuous Tense:-

• For work that started in past but running in the present-

1. It has been raining for two hours.

2. This man has been selling the toys for three hours.

3. I have been drawing the picture all day.

 

English Grammar

Class 7

Class 10

Coolpupil Instagram

Coolpupil Facebook Page/Community