Basics of Present Tense And Its Examples

by | Jan 26, 2021 | Tense, English, Grammar | 0 comments

Basics of Tense

Tense denotes the time of action as well as the state.

  • Present
  • Past
  • Future
    1. Indefinite
    2. Continuous
    3. Perfect
    4. Perfect Continuous

Total Tense=12

2 Base:-

  • Structure
  • Uses

Present Tense:-

(a)Present Indefinite Tense

For Plural Subject: – If the subject is (I, we, you, they or plural)

Affirmative  –>   +ve   –> Subject+V1+object.

Negative   –>   -ve   –>   Subject+ don’t/do not+V1+object.

Interrogative  –>   ?    –>   Do+Subject+V1+ object+?

Interrogative Negative —>   not+?   –>   Do+Subject+not+V1+object+?

 

For Singular Subject:- If the subject is (he, she, it name or singular)

Affirmative –>   +ve  –>  Subject+(V1+s/es)+object.

Negative  –>  -ve   –>   Subject+ doesn’t/does not+V1+object.

Interrogative –>  ?  –>  Does+Subject+V1+ object+?

Interrogative Negative  –>   not+?   –>  Does+Subject+not+V1+object+?

Rules for the use of s/es:-
  1. If there is s, ss, sh, ch,x,z,o at the end of a verb then we add -es otherwise add -s to make the verb singular

Example:-Plural Verb                 Singular Verb

Speak              –>                    Speaks

Search             –>                  Searches

  1. If y is at the end of a verb and a consonant is present before y, then we remove y and add -ies otherwise add s to make the verb singular.

Example:- Plural Verb             Singular Verb

Play              –>     Plays

Cry               –>  Cries

Examples:-

(1) They drink hot coffee every morning.

(2) I have a car.

(3) We do not go to the market daily.

(4) Vinod does not watch television.

(5) Does Meera eat food?

(6) When does he play cricket?

(7) Why do they not play football?

(8) Why does Ram not go to school?

(b) Present Continuous:-

Formulae:-

Affirmative  –>  +ve  –> Subject+ helping verb + V4+object.

Negative  –>  -ve   –> Subject+ helping verb + not+V4+object.

Interrogative  –>  ? –> Wh.word+ helping verb +Subject+V4+ object+?

Interrogative Negative  –>  not+?  –>   Wh.word+ helping verb + Subject+not+V4+object+?

Helping verb –> Is/are/am

*4th form of the verb –> 1st form of the verb+ing

Use of helping verb:-

Is –> he/she/it/name/singular subject

Are –> you/we/they/all/plural subject

Am –> `With only ‘I’

Helping verb with ‘not’:-

Is+ not –> isn’t

Are+ not –> aren’t

*Note- Ain’t –> is not, are not, am not, has not, have not

Gonna –> going to.

Wanna –> want to

Examples:-

(1) Mohan is writing a letter.

(2) I am singing a song.

(3) I am not reading a book.

(4) They are not going to the market.

(5) Are the girls reading in the room?

(6) How many girls are taking part in the drama?

(7) How much milk is the child drinking?

(8) Why are you not going there?

(c)Present Perfect:-

Formulae:-

Affirmative  –>  +ve  –> Subject+ helping verb + V3+object.

Negative   –>   -ve  –> Subject+ helping verb + not+V3+object.

Interrogative  –>   ?   –>  Helping verb +Subject+V3+ object+?

Interrogative Negative  –>   not+?  –>  Helping verb + Subject+not+V3+object+?

Use of has/have:-

Has –> with he/she/it/name/singular subject

Have –> with I/we/you/they/plural subject

Has +not –> hasn’t

Have+ not –> haven’t

Examples:-

(1) Ram has gone to school.

(2) I have sent a letter to him.

(3) She has not sung the song.

(4) Have you learned your lesson?

(5) Why have you not read this book?

(6) How many boys have come today?

(7) Who has not brought his book?

 

(d)Present Perfect Continuous:-

Has been–> he/she/it/name/singular subject

Have been –> I/we/you/they/plural subject

Main Verb –> 1st form of the verb + ing

For is used before the period of time like a week, days, month, years, etc.

Since is used before the point of time like Sunday, Monday, 3rd March 1990, etc.

Formulae:-

Affirmative   –> +ve –> Subject+ has been/have been + V4+object+for/since+ time.

Negative  –>   -ve  –> Subject+ has/have + not+ been +V4+object+for/since+ time.

Interrogative   –>  ?   –> Has/have +Subject+been+V4+ object+for/since+ time+?

Interrogative Negative  –> not+?  –>  Has/have + Subject+not+been+V4+object+for/since+ time+?

Examples:-

(1) I have been studying for three hours.

(2) I have been watching TV since 7 pm.

(3) Tara has not been feeling well for two weeks.

(4) He has not been playing football for a long time.

(5) Have they been doing their homework for two hours?

(6) It has not been snowing for two days.

(7) I have not been playing tennis for three months.

 

 

 

 

Submit a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *